Resumen de L´adverbe toujours comme quantificateur universel dans des énoncés spécifiques

Malgorzata Nowakowska

• The author of this article follows the assumption that aspectual analysis must take into account various elements: verbal lexeme, tense morpheme, temporal or frequency adverbs. These elements, combined with each other, either create a new meaning, different from the one of the verbal lexeme or do not. The author examines the French adverb toujours. In the case of present tense this adverb can have one of the two following functions. Firstly, as a determiner of a state verb, it assures the validation of the state in each moment of its duration; secondly, as a determiner of a perfective verb, it creates habitual meaning (an open sequence of actions).