This article draws on the concepts of miscellany, self-fashioning and imitation to analyse how the former actor, author and playwright, Agustín de Rojas, informs a wide audience while fashioning a courtly identity and defending his claim to minor nobility (hidalguía) throughout El buen repúblico (1611). This study analyzes how Rojas’ strategies for self-fashioning come into conflict with the Inquisition in the 1612 Índice. Supplementary appendices offer specific textual comparisons and provide a guide for navigating the epistolary miscellany’s copious erudition and borrowings and may inspire future studies, an updated critical edition or an English translation of this invaluable miscellany.