Écfrasis de pinturas en el teatro latino y sánscrito: ¿Contacto cultural?

• Autores: Roberto Morales Harley
• Localización: Revista de filología y lingüística de la Universidad de Costa Rica, ISSN-e 2215-2628, ISSN 0377-628X, Vol. 51, Nº. Extra 1, 2025
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.15517/d1nsy667
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Ekphrasis of Paintings in Roman and Sanskrit Theater: Cultural Contact?
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen

  • The article analyzes the ekphrasis of paintings as a subtype of ekphrasis. Having established the existence of the procedure in both Rome and India, and having looked at the historical-geographical framework for exchanges between these two ancient civilizations, it studies, on the Roman side, eight references to paintings in Plautus (3rd-2nd centuries BCE), and on the Sanskrit side, one in Bhāsa (3rd century CE), one in Śūdraka (4th century CE), three in Kālidāsa (5th century CE), two in Harṣa (7th century CE), two in Bhavabhūti (8th century CE) and one in Rājaśekhara (9th century CE). The purpose of the comparison is to support the hypothesis, advanced by Rodríguez-Adrados (2012), that cultural contact could have resulted in a possible influence from Roman theater into Sanskrit theater. Specifically, a borrowing from the ekphrasis of the painting in Terence’s (2nd century BCE) The Eunuch 583-591 into the ekphrasis of the painting in Bhāsa’s (3rd century CE) The Messenger’s Speech 6.15 - 12-6 is proposed. In conclusion, the plausibility of this supposed influence is argued.

• Referencias bibliográficas
  • Arora, U. P. (2011). India and the Hellenistic world. En K. Savvopoulos (Ed.), Second Hellenistic studies workshop (pp. 45-65). Alexandria...
  • Ast, R., y Bagnall, R. (2016). Documents from Berenike, volume III: Greek and Latin texts from the 2009-2013 seasons. Peeters Pub and Booksellers.
  • Bansat-Boudon, L. (1992). Poétique du théàtre indien: Lectures du Nāṭyaśāstra. École française d’Extrême-Orient.
  • Bhasa-Projekt Universität Würzburg. (2007, July 18). Multimediale Datenbank zum Sanskrit-Schauspiel: Texte, Manuskripte und Afführung klassischer...
  • Brooks, R. R. R., y Wakankar, V. S. (1976). Stone age painting in India. Yale University Press.
  • Chakravarti, R. (2016). Kushan empire. En J. N. MacKenzie (Ed.), The encyclopedia of empire. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118455074.wbeoe147
  • Cobb, M. A. (2018). Rome and the Indian Ocean trade from Augustus to the early third century CE. Brill. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004376571_007
  • Dange, S. S. (1994). The citra-phalaka, a strategical device. En S. A. Dange y S. S. Dange (Eds.), Critiques on Sanskrit dramas (2nda ed.,...
  • Devadhar, C. R. (Ed. y Trans.). (1958). Works of Kālidāsa: Volume I, dramas. Motilal Banarsidass.
  • Duckworth, G. E. (1961). Turnus and Duryodhana. Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association, 92, 81-127.
  • Dufallo, B. (2013). The captor’s image: Greek culture in Roman ecphrasis. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199735877.001.0001
  • Dufallo, B. (2020). Ekphrasis in Latin literature. En S. Goldberg y T. Whitmarsh (Eds.), Oxford classical dictionary. Oxford University Press....
  • Falk, H. (2001). The yuga of Sphujiddhvaja and the era of the Kuṣāṇas. Silk Road Art and Archaeology, 7, 121-136. https://doi.org/10.4000/abstractairanica.34242
  • Free, K. B. (1981). Greek drama and the Kutiyattam. Theatre Journal, 33(1), 80-89.
  • García-Ormaechea, C. (1996). El arte de India, el Himalaya y el sudeste asiático. En J. A. Ramírez y A. Gómez Cedillo (Eds.), Historia del...
  • Germany, R. (2016). Mimetic contagion: Art and artifice in Terence’s Eunuch. Oxford University Press.
  • Grønlund Evers, K. (2017). Worlds apart trading together: The organisation of long-distance trade between Rome and India in antiquity. Archaeopress.
  • Jairazbhoy, R. A. (1963). Foreign influence in ancient India. Asia Publishing House.
  • Kale, M. R. (Ed. & Trans.). (1913) Bhavabhūti’s Mālatīmādhava. Oriental Publishing Co.
  • Kale, M. R. (Ed. & Trans.). (1919). The Nāgānanda of Śri Harṣa-Deva. The Standard Publishing Co.
  • Kale, M. R. (Ed. & Trans.). (1921). The Ratnāvalī of Śri Harṣa-Deva. The Standard Publishing Co.
  • Kale, M. R. (Ed. & Trans.). (1924) The Mṛichchhakaṭika of Śūdraka. Motilal Banarsidass.
  • Kaligotla, S. (2020). Words and pictures: Rāmāyaṇa traditions and the art of ekphrasis. Religions, 11(7), 364. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel11070364
  • Kane, P. V. (Ed.), y Joshi, C. N. (Trans.). (1915). Bhavabhūti’s Uttararāmacaritam. Oriental Publishing Co.
  • Karttunen, K. (2001). In India e oltre: Greci, Indiani, Indo-greci. En S. Settis (Ed.), I Greci: Storia, cultura, arte, societá (vol. 3, pp....
  • Knapp, C. (1917). References to painting in Plautus and Terence. Classical Philology, 12(2), 143-157.
  • Lallemant, J. (1959). Une source de l’Énéide: le Mahābhārata. Latomus, 18(2), 262-287.
  • Lévêque, E. (1880). Le mythes et les legends de l’Inde et la Perse dans Aristophane, Platón, Aristote, Virgile, Ovide, Tite Live, Dante, Bocacce,...
  • McIntosh, J. R. (2008). The ancient Indus valley: New perspectives. ABC-Clio.
  • Meyer, J. (2007). Roman coins as a source for Roman trading activities in the Indian ocean. En E. H. Seland (Ed.), The Indian Ocean in the...
  • Mitchell, W. J. T. (2009). Teoría de la imagen: Ensayos sobre representación verbal y visual. Akal.
  • Nehru, L. (1989). Origins of the Gandhāran style: A study of contributory influences. Oxford University Press.
  • Panagioditou, M.-E. (2022). The poetics of ekphrasis: A stylistic approach. Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Plautus. (1916). In five volumes, vol. 1 (P. Nixon, Trans.). Harvard University Press.
  • Plautus. (1917). In five volumes, vol. 2 (P. Nixon, Trans.). Harvard University Press.
  • Plautus. (1924). In five volumes, vol. 3 (P. Nixon, Trans.). Harvard University Press.
  • Plautus. (1930). In five volumes, vol. 4 (P. Nixon, Trans.). Harvard University Press.
  • Plautus. (1952). In five volumes, vol. 5 (P. Nixon, Trans.). Harvard University Press.
  • Plofker, K. (2011). ‘Yavana’ and ‘Indian’: Transmission and foreign identity in the exact sciences. Annals of Science, 68(4), 467-476.
  • Rodríguez Adrados, F. (2012). Teatro griego antiguo y teatro indio: Su origen en danzas corales que miman algunos mitos. Emérita, Revista...
  • Saunders, V. (1919). Portrait painting as a dramatic device in Sanskrit plays. Journal of the American Oriental Society, 39, 299-302.
  • Suresh, S. (2004). Symbols of trade: Roman and pseudo-Roman objects found in India. Manohar.
  • Teón; Hermógenes; Aftonio. (1991). Ejercicios de retórica (María Dolores Reche Martínez, Trad.). Gredos.
  • Terence. (1918). In two volumes, vol. 1 (J. Sargeaunt, Trans.). Harvard University Press.
  • Thorley, J. (1979). The Roman empire and the Kushans. Greece & Rome, 26(2), 181-190.
  • Tripathi, R. (Ed.). (1965). The Viddhaśālabhañjikā of Rājaśekhara. Chowkhamba Vidyabhawan.
  • Walker, S. F. (2004). The invention of theater: Recontextualizing the vexing question. Comparative Literature, 56(1), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.2307/4122284
  • Weber, A. (1878). The history of Indian literature (J. Mann y T. Zachariae, Trans.). Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co. (Trabajo original...
  • White, P. (2009). Bookshops in the literary culture of Rome. In W. A. Johnson & H. N. Parker (Eds.), Ancient literacies: The culture of...
  • Windisch, E. (1882). Der griechische Einfluss im indischen Drama. A. Asher.
  • Wulff Alonso, F. (2008). Grecia en la India: El repertorio griego del Mahabharata. Akal.