Acceso usuarios
Mauro Fernández 
A falta de familiaridade da sociolingüística coa teoría social conduce a usar despreocupadamente, coma se fosen transparentes e unívocos, termos que están inzados de problemas desde o inicio da súa andaina como termos técnicos. Este é o caso do termo identidade. Desde a perspectiva actual, poden adscribirse as teorías sobre a identidade formuladas polas ciencias sociais a dous grandes grupos: primordialistas e construccionistas. A perspectiva aquí adoptada é esta última. Destaca pola súa importancia a teoría da identidade social de Tajfel, recentemente desenvolta por Hogg a través da teoría da autocategorización. No presente traballo trátase da relación que poidan ter as linguas coas identidades á luz destas teorías. As linguas e as variedades lingüísticas son, por unha parte, o resultado de actos de identidade social, e por outra, son fonte de identidades sociais (entre as que están, pero non de xeito exclusivo, as identidades étnicas ou as nacionais). Así mesmo, a teoría da modernidade reflexiva baséase "no feito de que as prácticas sociais son examinadas e reformadas constantemente á luz da información que se obtén sobre esas mesmas prácticas, que dese xeito alteran o seu carácter" (Giddens). Todo este proceso repercute nas identidades e nas súas relacións coas linguas e variedades
The lack of familiarity of sociolinguistics with social theory, leads to use indifferently, as if they were transparent and univocal, items that present problems since the beginning of their use as technical items. This is the case of the term identity. From the modern perspective, theories on identity, formulated by social sciences, can be ascribed to two main groups: essentialists and constructionists. The perspective of this paper belongs to the latter. Because of its relevance, Tajfel's theory of social identity stands out. This theory has been recently developed by Hogg through the theory of self-categorization. This work deals with the relationship that languages can maintain with identities under the light of these theories. Languages and linguistic varieties are, on the one hand, the result of social identity acts, and, on the other hand, the source of social identities (among which ethnic and national identities are found, but not exclusively). Likewise, reflexive modernization theory is based on "the fact that social practices are constantly examinated and improved under the light of the information that is extracted from those practices, that, in this sense, alter their characteristics" (Giddens). All this process affects identities and on their relations to languages and varieties
