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El artículo se propone analizar la productividad del esquema narrativo opresión/expansión en el Poema de Alfonso Onceno estudiándolo en comparación con otros poemas anteriores: el Cantar de Mio Cid, el Libro de Alexandre, el Libro de Apolonio y el Poema de Fernán Gonçález. El camino épico de los héroes de tales poemas comienza con una situación de opresión que genera la vergüenza del héroe protagonista y lo lleva a intentar revertir esa desventajosa situación inicial. Las herramientas que los protagonistas de estos cantares pondrán en juego para conseguir su objetivo serán el saber y su poder bélico, que en el caso del Poema de Alfonso Onceno debe entenderse a partir de su perfil de reconquistador. La idea de reconquista le permitirá al autor del poema cruzar el relato épico con el relato sagrado, los que quedarán unidos de tal modo que serán útiles para justificar la expansión territorial apelando a la idea de recuperación de territorios en manos del infiel y, por lo tanto, a la figura del rey defensor de la cristiandad.
The purpose of this article is to analyse the themes of oppression and territorial expansion as these operate within the narrative framework of the Poema de Alfonso Onceno, which is compared in these respects with other poems that predate it: namely, the Cantar de Mio Cid, the Libro de Alexandre, the Libro de Apolonio and the Poema de Fernán Gonçález. The heroes in such poems find themselves initially in an oppressed situation that provokes in them a sense of shame, causing them to seek to reverse the state of misfortune and disadvantage in which their epic careers begin. To fulfil their objectives, the protagonists of these cantares will employ their perceptive knowledge of their own predicament and their powerful abilities as warriors. These are qualities which in the case of the Poema de Alfonso Onceno are best appreciated at work within the context of Alfonso's role as the ‘reconqueror’ of lands taken by the Moors. Through this mission of reconquest which Alfonso XI pursues, the author of the poem interconnects the epic story with the religious content, so that both narratives are utilized to justify the king's policy of territorial expansion. The poem focuses, therefore, on the importance of recovering territories which have fallen into the hands of the infidel and thus on the figure of the king as the defender of Christendom.
