La percepción del habla en ruido: un reto para la lingüística y para la evaluación audiológica (estudio experimental)

• Victoria Marrero-Aguiar ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia

     Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia

     Madrid, España

     
• Localización: Revista Española de Lingüística, ISSN-e 2254-8769, ISSN 0210-1874, Vol. 45, Fasc. 1, 2015 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Percepción del habla / Juana Gil Fernández (ed. lit.) , Eugenia San Segundo (ed. lit.)), págs. 129-151
• Idioma: español
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Dialnet Métricas: 1 Cita
• Resumen
  • español

    En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de un proyecto de investigación entre el Programa Infantil Phonak y la UNED, cuyo objetivo fue desarrollar materiales para evaluar la capacidad para discriminar el habla en ruido por parte de niños con pérdida auditiva. En ese marco, se aborda la relación entre inteligibilidad del habla (tanto en estilo normal como en habla hiperarticulada, consecuencia del llamado efecto Lombard) y la discriminabilidad de la señal en el ruido producido por personas hablando simultáneamente (multi-speaker babble noise). Hemos contado con dos grupos de sujetos, el de control, 40 niños con audición normal, y el experimental, 23 niños con hipoacusia, diferenciando, en este último, los que sufren una pérdida severa de los que la sufren profunda, y los que cuentan con prótesis auditivas o implante único implante y los que cuentan con implantación binaural, que obtuvieron más beneficios del habla hiperarticulada incluso que el grupo de control. Finalmente, se consideran los resultados en relación con la percepción multimodal del habla y la lectura labial en la hipoacusia

  • English

    The results of a research project between the Programa Infantil Phonak and the UNED are presented in this article. The aim of the Project was to develop a speech-in-noise test in Spanish for children. In this frame, we consider the relation between intelligibility of the speech (both in normal style and in hyper-articulated speech, consequence of the so called Lombard effect) and the discriminability of the signal in multi-speaker babble noise. Our control group is composed by 40 normal-hearing children, and the experimental group is composed by 23 hypoacusic children. In the latter, the results were different for those suffering from severe hearing loss (with auditory prosthesis) versus those suffering from profound hearing loss (mostly implanted), but also from children having one cochlear implant or two. This latter group obtained more benefits of the clear speech even that the control group. Finally, the results are discussed in relation with the multimodal perception of the speech and the lip-reading in the auditory loss

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