La adaptación de las lenguas al entorno: una aproximación crítica

• Mendívil-Giró, José-Luis ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad de Zaragoza

     Universidad de Zaragoza

     Zaragoza, España

     
• Localización: Glosema: Revista Asturiana de Llingüística, ISSN-e 2695-642X, Vol. 1, 2019, págs. 139-175
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.17811/glosema.1.2019.139-175
• Títulos paralelos:
  • The adaptation of languages to the environment: a critical approach
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Dialnet Métricas: 1 Cita
• Resumen
  • español

    La presente aportación propone una aproximación crítica de las propuestas que postulan que la explicación de la diversidad de las lenguas se sigue de la adaptación de las mismas al entorno extralingüístico. Mostraré que, a pesar de que la comparación entre lenguas y especies naturales es sólida y razonable, la correlación entre propiedades lingüísticas y aspectos extralingüísticos es débil, esencialmente por dos razones: (I) porque buena parte de la estructura de las lenguas no es sensible al cambio lingüístico y, por tanto, no puede adaptarse a nada y (II) porque las partes de la estructura de las lenguas que sí son sensibles al cambio lingüístico en general tienen una relación muy indirecta con el entorno cultural y físico en el que se hablan.

  • English

    The present paper presents a critical review of current approaches postulating that the explanation of language diversity follows from the adaptation of languages to the extralinguistic environment. I show that, despite the comparison between languages and species being sound and reasonable, the correlation between linguistic features and extralinguistic aspects is weak, mainly because of two reasons: (i) a good deal of the structure of languages in not sensitive to linguistic change and, therefore, cannot be adapted, and (ii) the parts of the structure of languages which are affected by linguistic changes have a very indirect relation with external factors.

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