Eat Right, Stay Fit. Gastronomical Tidbits in Modern Anglo-American Proverbs

• Wolfgang Mieder ^[1]
  1. [1] University of Vermont

     University of Vermont

     City of Burlington, Estados Unidos

     
• Localización: Paremia, ISSN 1132-8940, Nº. 31, 2021, págs. 97-114
• Idioma: inglés
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Eat Right, Stay Fit. Gourmandises grastronomiques dans les proverbes angloaméricains modernes
  • Eat Right, Stay Fit . Delicatessen gastronómicas en refranes angloamericanos modernos
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Resumen
  • español

    Los paremiólogos y paremiógrafos han mostrado un gran interés por los refranes gastronómicos de diversas lenguas y culturas. Lo mismo ocurre con los lingüistas y lexicógrafos que han investigado de forma contrastiva sobre la sabiduría popular relativa a la comida y la bebida. Aunque muchos de los refranes estudiados se siguen utilizando, también hay una gran cantidad que ya no se emplean. Los más ignorados han sido en su mayoría los refranes modernos. En este artículo se examinan los refranes angloamericanos acuñados después de 1900. Aunque los refranes mencionan frutas (manzanas, cerezas, nueces, naranjas), verduras (maíz, tomates), dulces (pasteles, galletas, dónuts) o diferentes alimentos (queso, huevos, carnes, leche), también se abordan el proceso de cocinar (cocina, ollas, sartenes), comer y beber. Como era de esperar, los refranes aportan datos sobre la dieta, el peso y el ejercicio, dando instrucciones modernas para una vida sana. Algunos refranes son normas gastronómicas bastante directas, pero muchos son metafóricos y pueden emplearse en contextos no relacionados con la comida o la bebida. Esto afecta sobre todo a aquellos refranes relativos a la comida y la alimentación junto con referencias escatológicas o sexuales. Los más de cien refranes modernos analizados representan la sabiduría folclórica o la visión del mundo sobre la comida, la bebida y un estilo de vida saludable acorde con la modernidad.

  • English

    Paremiologists and paremiographers have shown considerable interest in gastronomical proverbs from various languages and cultures. This is also true for linguists and lexicographers who have dealt with folk wisdom concerning food and drink from a comparative point of view. While many of the studied proverbs are still in use today, there are also numerous proverbs not employed any longer. Above all, modern proverbs have for the most part not been considered at all. This article looks at Anglo-American proverbs that have been coined after the year 1900. While the proverbs mention fruits (apples, cherries, nuts, oranges), vegetables (corn, tomatoes), sweets (cakes, cookies, doughnuts), foods (cheese, eggs, meats, milk), they also deal with cooking (kitchen, pots, pans), eating, and drinking. As expected, the proverbs have much to say about diet, weight, and exercise, giving modern instructions for a healthy life. Some proverbs are rather direct gastronomical rules, but many are metaphorical and can be employed in contexts that have nothing to do with food and drink. This is particularly true for those proverbs referring to food and eating together with scatological and sexual references. The more than hundred modern proverbs under discussion represent folkloric wisdom or worldview about food, drink, and a healthy lifestyle befitting modernity

  • français

    Les parémiologues et parémiographes ont manifesté un grand intérêt pour les dictons gastronomiques de différentes langues et cultures. Il en va de même pour les linguistes et les lexicographes qui ont opposé les recherches sur la sagesse populaire au sujet de la nourriture et des boissons. Bien que de nombreux dictons étudiés soient encore utilisés, il y en a aussi un grand nombre qui ne sont plus utilisés.

    Les plus ignorés ont été pour la plupart des dictons modernes. Ce travail examine les dictons angloaméricains inventés après 1900. Bien que les dictons mentionnent des fruits (pommes, cerises, noix, oranges), des légumes (maïs, tomates), des sucreries (gâteaux, biscuits, beignets) ou différents aliments (fromage, œufs, viandes, lait), le processus de cuisson (cuisine, casseroles, poêles), manger et boire sont également abordés. Sans surprise, les dictons fournissent des faits sur l'alimentation, le poids et l'exercice, donnant des instructions modernes pour une vie saine. Certains dictons évoquent des normes alimentaires assez simples, mais beaucoup d’entre eux sont métaphoriques et peuvent être utilisés dans des contextes non liés à la nourriture ou à la boisson. Cela touche particulièrement les dictons liés à la nourriture et à l'alimentation avec des références eschatologiques ou sexuelles. Plus d’une centaine de dictons modernes analysés dans cette étude représentent la sagesse populaire ou la vision du monde sur la nourriture, les boissons et un mode de vie sain en rapport avec la modernité.

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