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Leyre Irure Sierra
Mixel Xurio, parish priest of Saint Jean de Luz, translated the Imitation of Jesus Christ into Basque (1720). The book was published two years after the author’s death, in Bor-deaux, and there were, subsequently, several editions throughout the 18th and 19th centuries. By the beginning of the 17th century, Basque literature had reached its peak in some areas of Labourd. From the middle of the century, however, literary production was more limited and the language itself was notably simpler. In the first decades of the 18th century, Xurio’s work was very much an exception; he is essentially an epigone of classical Lapurdian Basque.: Despite the importance of Xurio, his work has not been studied in general until now, and it also lacks the critical edition it deserves. In order to advance in the study of Xurio’s book, we have used 18th-century editions as a starting point. The article focuses on the study of the rela-tionship between these editions (recensio), using the methodology of philology and textual criti-cism.: To determine the filiation of the testimonies, we first compiled and classified the digitized copies (14 in total) available in certain digital libraries (fontes criticae), with the help of Vinson (1891-1898). Secondly, a formal description of each copy was made, comparing the covers and the parts of the book. This comparison allowed us to decide which edition the copies without a cover belong to (collatio codicum). This section provided us with information about the filiation relationship between editions. In fact, the incorporation of new passages from edition to edition helped us decide which of the previous editions was used as a base to compose the new edition. Thirdly, we took and compared an initial and a final sample of each edition (examinatio and se-lectio). Although the samples were small, the results are plentiful and helped us clarify hitherto unanswered questions. Thanks to the initial engravings, the distribution of the parts of the con-tent, and the conjunctive errors and the new variants found in the comparison, we managed to make a proposal of filiation relationship between editions (constitutio stemmatis codicum).
Mixel Xurio Donibane Lohizuneko erretore zenak Jesu-Christoren Imitacionea (1720) euskarara itzuli zuen. Liburua autorea hil eta bi urtetara argitara eman zen, Bordelen, eta ondoren hainbat edizio izan zituen XVIII. eta XIX. mendeetan zehar. XVII. mendearen hasieratik Lapurdiko zenbait eremutan, kostaldean batik bat, euskarazko literatura erlijiosoak artean ez bezalako loraldi bat izan zuen. Mendearen erdialdetik aurrera, ordea, ekoizpenak murriztu eta euskara maila apalago batean idazten hasi ziren. XVIII. mendearen lehenengo hamarkadetan Xurio salbuespena izan zen, lapurtera klasikoaren epigonoa.
Xurioren garrantziagatik ere, orain artean ez da oro har aztertua izan, eta zor zaion edizio kritikoa ere faltan du. Beraren liburuaren azterketan aurrera egiteko helburuarekin, abiapuntu gisa XVIII. mendeko edizioak baliatu ditugu. Lanaren muina edizio hauen arteko filiazio harremana aztertzea da (recensio), filologiaren metodologia eta testu kritika baliatuz.
Lekukotasunen filiazioa zehazteko, lehenik, liburutegi jakin batzuetan eskuragarri dauden ale digitalizatuak (guztira 14) bildu eta sailkatu ditugu (fontes criticae), Vinsonen (1891-1898) lanaren laguntzaz. Bigarrenik, ale bakoitzaren deskribapen formala egin dugu: azalak eta liburuaren atalak alderatu ditugu, eta azalik gabeko aleak zein ediziori dagozkion ere erabaki ahal izan dugu (collatio codicum). Atal honek informazio franko eman digu edizioen arteko filiazio harremanaren inguruan. Izan ere, edizioz edizio pasarte berriak txertatu izana lagungarri izan zaigu bakoitzaren oinarrian zein edizio erabili zen erabakitzeko. Hirugarrenik, edizio bakoitzetik hasierako eta bukaerako lagin bat hartu eta konparatu ditugu (examinatio eta selectio). Laginak txikiak izan arren, emaitzak oparoak dira, eta aurretik erantzun gabe genituen zalantzak argitzeko balio izan digute. Hasierako grabatuei, edukiaren atal banaketari eta konparaketan topatutako akats bateratzaileei eta aldaera berriei esker, edizioen arteko filiazio harreman proposamena egitea lortu dugu (constitutio stemmatis codicum).
