La reducción fonética de las vocales y sus factores determinantes

• Alejandro Correa ^[1]
  1. [1] Instituto Caro y Cuervo (Colombia)
• Localización: Estudios de fonética experimental, ISSN 1575-5533, ISSN-e 2385-3573, Nº. 34, 2025, págs. 1111-2424
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Factors determining phonetic vowel reduction
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • español

    Este artículo revisa las investigaciones sobre la reducción fonética de las vocales. Nuestra presentación se centra en factores lingüísticos como la duración, el contexto consonántico, el acento léxico y las propiedades léxicas de las lenguas (tipo de palabra, frecuencia de aparición, densidad del entorno fono-lógico). Además, se discuten los efectos del estilo de habla, la velocidad de elocución, las diferencias fonéticas entre hombres y mujeres, y la influencia del bilingüismo y el contacto de lenguas sobre el timbre vocálico. Esta revisión muestra que el estudio de la reducción fonética de las vocales permite entender los mecanismos generales de la producción y la percepción del habla, las condiciones del cam-bio fónico y la variación fonética relacionada con laidentidadindividual y social.

  • English

    This paper reviews major studies on phonetic vowel reduction, focusing on linguistic factors such as duration, consonantal context, stress-accent and lexical properties of languages (word class, word fre-quency, phonological neighborhood density). In addition, we discuss the effects of speech style, speaking rate, speaker sex differences, bilingualism, and language contact on vowel quality. This overview shows that understanding phonetic vowel reduction sheds light on the general mechanisms of speech production and perception, the phonetic conditions of sound change, and phonetic variation related to individual and social identity.

  • català

    Aquest article revisa les investigacions sobre la reducció fonètica de les vocals. La nostra exposició se centra en factors lingüístics com la durada, el context consonàntic, l’accent lèxic i les propietats lèxiques de les llengües (classe de mot, freqüència d’aparició, densitat de l’entorn fonològic). A més, es discutei-xen els efectes de l’estil de parla, la velocitat d’elocució, les diferències fonètiques entre homes i dones, i la influència del bilingüisme i el contacte de llengües sobre el timbre vocàlic. Aquesta revisió mostra que l’estudi de la reducció fonètica de les vocals permet entendre els mecanismes generals de la produc-ció i la percepció de la parla, les condicions del canvi fònic i la variació fonètica relacionada amb la identitat individual i social.

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